The development of implicit gender attitudes.

Measuring implicit attitudes of 4-year-olds: the preschool implicit association test.

The Preschool Implicit Association Test (PSIAT) is an adaptation of an established social cognition measure (IAT) for use with preschool children. Two studies with 4-year-olds found that the PSIAT was effective in evaluating (a) attitudes toward commonly liked objects (flowers=good) and (b) gender attitudes (girl=good or boy=good). The gender attitude PSIAT was positively correlated with corres...

FEMINIST FORUM New Directions for Research on the Role of Parents and Teachers in the Development of Gender-Related Math Attitudes: Response to Commentaries

We frame our response to the commentaries by Cheryan (2011), Lane (2011), and Shapiro and Williams (2011), in terms of two broad points made by Lane (2011). First, we agree that the various constructs that we termed “math attitudes”—including math-gender stereotypes, math anxiety, math self-concepts, and achievement motivation in math—are in fact distinct (Gunderson et al. 2011b). Nevertheless,...

Interaction Between Race and Gender and Effect on Implicit Racial Bias Against Blacks

  Background and aims: <span style="color: #221e1f; font-family: Optima ...

Physicians' implicit and explicit attitudes about race by MD race, ethnicity, and gender.

Recent reports suggest that providers' implicit attitudes about race contribute to racial and ethnic health care disparities. However, little is known about physicians' implicit racial attitudes. This study measured implicit and explicit attitudes about race using the Race Attitude Implicit Association Test (IAT) for a large sample of test takers (N=404,277), including a sub-sample of medical d...

Gender Attitudes and Stereotypes in Childhood 1 The Gendered Self-Concept: How Implicit Gender Stereotypes and Attitudes Shape Self-Definition